Technologie : 5 appareils électriques qui consomment de l’électricité même lorsqu’ils sont éteints. Quelles solutions pour remédier ?
Ordinateurs, micro-ondes, lave-linge, lave-vaisselle ou encore console de jeux… Ces appareils électroniques nous offrent un confort inédit et nous facilitent la vie au quotidien. Ils se mettent en marche en quelques secondes et il suffit d’appuyer sur un bouton pour les éteindre quand on n’en a plus besoin. Cependant, saviez-vous que même éteints, certains de ces appareils électriques continuent de consommer de l’énergie ? Découvrez lesquels.
Presque tout le monde agit de la même façon : après avoir fini d’utiliser un appareil électrique, vous l’éteignez. Mais ce que vous ignorez, c’est que ces appareils génèrent tout de même une consommation résiduelle. C’est ce qu’on appelle « la charge fantôme ».
Qu’est-ce que la charge fantôme d’un appareil électrique ?
Une charge fantôme correspond à l’énergie consommée par vos appareils électroniques lorsqu’ils sont éteints, et qu’ils demeurent branchés sur une prise électrique. Et bien qu’elle semble nécessaire pour nous offrir confort et rapidité au quotidien, elle a tout de même un prix. En effet, même en étant imperceptible et invisible, cette charge fantôme impacte considérablement nos portefeuilles. Voici donc quelques exemples d’appareils qui consomment de l’énergie même étant en veille.
Bien qu’ils semblent éteints en apparence, ces appareils électriques consomment de l’énergie, car ils restent continuellement en « mode vieille», prêts à capter un nouveau signal pour se remettre en marche sans trop vous faire attendre.
LIRE AUSSI :
Ainsi, ces appareils consomment une énergie inutile à notre insu qui risque d’alourdir notre facture d’électricité. Ci-dessous, vous trouverez quelques-uns de ces appareils qui consomment de l’énergie en continu, même quand vous pensez qu’ils sont éteints, selon le fournisseur d’énergies renouvelables français, ekWateur.
La Box
C’est l’un des appareils auxquels on ne prête jamais attention, ce boîtier électronique consomme de l’électricité en continu. En veille, la box internet La consommation annuelle peut atteindre 61,3 kWh par an, ce qui correspond à 6,8 euros.
Téléviseurs
En éteignant la télévision, un voyant rouge reste allumé. Cela indique que votre appareil est uniquement mis en veille et qu’il consomme de l’énergie. Sa consommation électrique s’élève à 77 kWh par an, soit 8,5 euros.
Ordinateurs
Si vous laissez votre ordinateur portable tout le temps branché, vous risquez de gaspiller une quantité importante d’électricité. Même en l’éteignant, il continue à puiser de l’énergie. En moyenne, un ordinateur consomme 38,3 kWh par an, soit une dépense annuelle de 4,2 euros.
Le four électrique
Les appareils de cuisine, y compris les micro-ondes, les machines à café, les robots mixeurs, les grille-pain, etc. consomment de l’énergie, même lorsqu’ils sont éteints, ce qui peut augmenter votre facture d’électricité. Le four de cuisine, par exemple, consomme 86,5 kWh par heure, soit l’équivalent de 9,5 euros.
La chaîne Hi-fi
Une chaîne Hi-fi en veille consomme annuellement 50,4 kWh, ce qui se traduit par 5,6 euros sur la facture d’électricité.
Les consoles de jeux
En laissant une console de jeux branchée, celle-ci consomme environ 42 kWh par an, soit 4,6 euros de dépense.
Il faut noter par ailleurs que les tarifs de la consommation énergétique dépendent du prix en vigueur de votre fournisseur d’énergie.
Qu’ils soient éteints mais branchés, ces appareils consomment inutilement de l’électricité. Et malheureusement, cette consommation passive constitue une bonne partie de la facture d’énergie mensuelle. Selon l’ADEME, la charge fantôme des appareils électroniques est comprise entre 300 à 500 kWh par an, ce qui représente 11% de la facture totale d’électricité d’un foyer français.
Quelle est la solution pour empêcher nos appareils électroniques de consommer inutilement de l’énergie ?
Pour arrêter cette consommation énergétique involontaire, la seule solution envisageable est de mettre ces appareils hors tension, en les débranchant, si possible après avoir fini de les utiliser. Cependant, étant donné que certaines personnes oublient de le faire ou considèrent que cela prend du temps, il suffit d’installer une prise coupe-veille intelligente qui se chargera de couper la mise en veille de vos appareils lorsque vous les éteignez, sinon il serait préférable d’opter pour des produits qui ont le label Energy Star qui consomment moins d’énergie, qu’ils soient allumés ou en veille.
Comment calculer la quantité d’énergie consommée par un appareil électronique allumé ?
Pour calculer la consommation électrique de vos appareils, il faut tenir compte de la puissance de l’appareil en question (exprimée en kWh), ainsi que du nombre d’heures et de jours de fonctionnement. Pour estimer le montant de votre facture d’énergie, vous pouvez vous référer à cette formule : (Nombre d’heures de fonctionnement) x (Nombre de jours de fonctionnement) x (Puissance de l’appareil en watts) / 1000.
Ceci dit, afin de traduire cette puissance énergétique en euros, il suffit de faire le calcul suivant : Nombre de kilowatts x Prix du kWh d’électricité en vigueur de votre fournisseur d’énergie.
Pour éviter des dépenses superflues et réussir à faire quelques économies, il faut penser à débrancher ces appareils électroniques dès le moment où on finit de les utiliser.
OLIVIER KOUDJO
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